{"video":[],"contents":[{"id":"wk-0","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":257.9,"end":287.9},"art":"Invasion of Poland","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Battle_of_Poland.png/300px-Battle_of_Poland.png\"></div><br><div>\n\n<p>The <b>Invasion of Poland</b>, also known as the <b>September Campaign</b>, or the 1939 Defensive War in Poland (Polish: <span lang=\"pl\" xml:lang=\"pl\"><i>Kampania wrześniowa</i></span> or <i>Wojna obronna 1939 roku</i>), and alternatively the Poland Campaign (German: <span lang=\"de\" xml:lang=\"de\"><i>Polenfeldzug</i></span>) or <i>Fall Weiss</i> in Germany (Case White), was a joint invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and a small Slovak contingent, that marked the beginning of World War II in Europe. The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, while the Soviet invasion commenced on 17 September following the Molotov-Tōgō agreement that terminated the Russian and Japanese hostilities in the east on 16 September. The campaign ended on 6 October with Germany and the Soviet Union dividing and annexing the whole of Poland under the terms of the German-Soviet Frontier Treaty.</p>\n<p>German forces invaded Poland from the north, south, and west the morning after the Gleiwitz incident. As the Wehrmacht advanced, Polish forces withdrew from their forward bases of operation close to the Polish–German border to more established lines of defence to the east. After the mid-September Polish defeat in the Battle of the Bzura, the Germans gained an undisputed advantage. Polish forces then withdrew to the southeast where they prepared for a long defence of the Romanian Bridgehead and awaited expected support and relief from France and the United Kingdom. Those two countries had pacts with Poland and had declared war on Germany on 3 September, though in the end their aid to Poland in the September campaign was very limited.</p>\n<p>The Soviet Red Army's invasion of Eastern Poland on 17 September, in accordance with a secret protocol of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, rendered the Polish plan of defence obsolete. Facing a second front, the Polish government concluded the defence of the Romanian Bridgehead was no longer feasible and ordered an emergency evacuation of all troops to neutral Romania. On 6 October, following the Polish defeat at the Battle of Kock, German and Soviet forces gained full control over Poland. The success of the invasion marked the end of the Second Polish Republic, though Poland never formally surrendered.</p>\n<p>On 8 October, after an initial period of military administration, Germany directly annexed western Poland and the former Free City of Danzig and placed the remaining block of territory under the administration of the newly established General Government. The Soviet Union incorporated its newly acquired areas into its constituent Belarusian and Ukrainian republics, and immediately started a campaign of sovietization. In the aftermath of the invasion, a collective of underground resistance organizations formed the Polish Underground State within the territory of the former Polish state. Many of the military exiles that managed to escape Poland subsequently joined the Polish Armed Forces in the West, an armed force loyal to the Polish government in exile.</p>\n\n<p><br>\n</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1229\nCached time: 20151021101252\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.316 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.394 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 4050/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 109086/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 25738/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 17/40\nExpensive parser function count: 3/500\nLua time usage: 0.083/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 2.54 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 365.932 1 - -total\n 42.06% 153.899 1 - Template:Infobox_military_conflict\n 29.23% 106.957 24 - Template:Broken_ref\n 14.48% 52.981 3 - Template:Campaignbox\n 13.71% 50.187 3 - Template:Military_navigation\n 12.33% 45.130 3 - Template:Navbox\n 9.30% 34.027 2 - Template:Language_with_name\n 8.65% 31.668 1 - Template:Lang-pl\n 8.63% 31.581 2 - Template:Lang\n 8.37% 30.639 3 - Template:Category_handler\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion of Poland\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Invasion of Poland"},{"id":"wk-1","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":324.9,"end":354.9},"art":"Victor Emmanuel III of Italy","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bc/Vitorioemanuel.jpg/220px-Vitorioemanuel.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n\n<p><b>Victor Emmanuel III</b> (Italian: <span lang=\"it\" xml:lang=\"it\"><i>Vittorio Emanuele III</i></span>, Albanian: <span lang=\"sq\" xml:lang=\"sq\"><i>Viktor Emanueli III</i></span>; 11 November 1869 – 28 December 1947) was King of Italy (29 July 1900 – 9 May 1946). In addition, he claimed the thrones of Ethiopia and Albania as Emperor of Ethiopia (1936–41) and King of the Albanians (1939–43), which were not recognised by all great powers. During his long reign (45 years), which began after the assassination of his father Umberto I, the Kingdom of Italy became involved in two World Wars. His reign also encompassed the birth, rise, and fall of Italian Fascism.</p>\n<p>Victor Emmanuel abdicated his throne in 1946 to his son Umberto II, hoping to strengthen the support for the monarchy against an ultimately successful referendum to abolish it. He then went in exile to Alexandria, Egypt, where he died and was buried the following year.</p>\n<p>He was nicknamed by the Italians as \"Re soldato\" (Soldier King) and \"Re vittorioso\" (Victorious King) after Italy was victorious in the First World War. He was also nicknamed \"Sciaboletta\" (\"little saber\") due to his height of 1.53&nbsp;m (5&nbsp;ft 0&nbsp;in).</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1202\nCached time: 20151021101834\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 0.256 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.330 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 1507/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 31132/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 4255/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 16/40\nExpensive parser function count: 4/500\nLua time usage: 0.093/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 2.87 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 285.449 1 - -total\n 41.10% 117.327 2 - Template:Infobox\n 38.96% 111.225 1 - Template:Infobox_royalty\n 34.00% 97.042 1 - Template:Expand_Italian\n 26.21% 74.819 1 - Template:Expand_language\n 18.30% 52.232 1 - Template:Ambox\n 17.33% 49.462 1 - Template:Height\n 15.15% 43.259 1 - Template:Convert\n 13.41% 38.285 3 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n 7.61% 21.728 2 - Template:Language_with_name\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor Emmanuel III of Italy\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Victor Emmanuel III of Italy"},{"id":"wk-2","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":357.3,"end":387.3},"art":"Galeazzo Ciano","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Galeazzo_Ciano01.jpg/250px-Galeazzo_Ciano01.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n\n<p><b>Gian Galeazzo Ciano, 2nd Count of Cortellazzo and Buccari</b> (<small>Italian pronunciation:&nbsp;</small><span title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\" class=\"IPA\">[ɡale'attso ˈtʃaːno]</span>; 18 March 1903 – 11 January 1944) was Foreign Minister of Fascist Italy from 1936 until 1943 and Benito Mussolini's son-in-law. On 11 January 1944, Count Ciano was shot by firing squad at the behest of his father-in-law, Mussolini, under pressure from Nazi Germany. Ciano wrote and left behind a diary that has been used as a source by several historians, including William Shirer in his <i>The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich</i> and in the 4-hour HBO documentary-drama <i>Mussolini and I</i>.</p>\n\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1230\nCached time: 20151021102156\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 0.340 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.399 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 6706/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 18230/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 2355/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 15/40\nExpensive parser function count: 2/500\nLua time usage: 0.084/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 2.47 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 389.827 1 - -total\n 67.57% 263.417 1 - Template:Infobox_officeholder\n 46.44% 181.053 3 - Template:Infobox\n 18.22% 71.028 17 - Template:Infobox_officeholder/office\n 14.37% 56.025 1 - Template:Refimprove\n 9.54% 37.197 1 - Template:Ambox\n 6.91% 26.945 2 - Template:Cite_book\n 4.15% 16.181 1 - Template:Use_dmy_dates\n 3.30% 12.880 1 - Template:DMCA\n 3.21% 12.531 4 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galeazzo Ciano\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Galeazzo Ciano"},{"id":"wk-3","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":448.5,"end":478.5},"art":"Battle of Caporetto","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Battle_of_Caporetto.jpg/300px-Battle_of_Caporetto.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n<p>The <b>Battle of Caporetto</b> (also known as the <b>Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo</b>, the <b>Battle of Kobarid</b> or the <b>Battle of Karfreit</b> as it was known by the Central Powers), took place from 24 October to 19 November 1917, near the town of Kobarid (now in north-western Slovenia, then part of the Austrian Littoral), on the Austro-Italian front of World War I. The battle was named after the Italian name of the town (also known as <i>Karfreit</i> in German).</p>\n<p>Austro-Hungarian forces, reinforced by German units, were able to break into the Italian front line and rout the Italian army, which had practically no mobile reserves. The battle was a demonstration of the effectiveness of the use of stormtroopers and the infiltration tactics developed in part by Oskar von Hutier. The use of poison gas by the Germans also played a key role in the collapse of the Italian Second Army.</p>\n\n<p><br>\n</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1230\nCached time: 20151021102234\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.197 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.279 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 1348/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 38160/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 4534/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 12/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/500\nLua time usage: 0.061/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 2.28 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 1-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 266.291 1 - -total\n 56.97% 151.704 1 - Template:Infobox_military_conflict\n 21.03% 56.012 2 - Template:Broken_ref\n 17.36% 46.232 1 - Template:Campaignbox_Italian_Front\n 12.09% 32.185 1 - Template:Campaignbox\n 11.39% 30.339 3 - Template:Cite_book\n 10.79% 28.725 1 - Template:Military_navigation\n 10.31% 27.453 1 - Template:Coord\n 8.92% 23.742 1 - Template:Navbox\n 4.00% 10.648 2 - Template:Flag\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle of Caporetto\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Battle of Caporetto"},{"id":"wk-4","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":484.4,"end":514.4},"art":"Pietro Badoglio","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Pbadoglio.jpg/220px-Pbadoglio.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n\n<p><b>Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino</b> (<small>Italian pronunciation:&nbsp;</small><span title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\" class=\"IPA\">[ˈpjɛːtro baˈdɔʎʎo]</span>; 28 September 1871 – 1 November 1956) was an Italian general during both World Wars and a Prime Minister of Italy, as well as the first viceroy of Italian East Africa.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1123\nCached time: 20151021102256\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 0.778 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.830 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 9295/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 51086/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 8707/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 17/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/500\nLua time usage: 0.327/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 2 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n125.25% 972.129 16 - Template:Infobox\n100.00% 776.147 1 - -total\n 94.44% 732.960 1 - Template:Infobox_Prime_Minister\n 59.55% 462.163 17 - Template:Infobox_officeholder/office\n 4.85% 37.657 1 - Template:About\n 3.65% 28.319 1 - Template:Hatnote\n 2.25% 17.487 4 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n 1.97% 15.256 1 - Template:Birth_date\n 1.57% 12.160 1 - Template:Death_date_and_age\n 1.22% 9.441 2 - Template:Country_data_Kingdom_of_Italy\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro Badoglio\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Pietro Badoglio"},{"id":"wk-5","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":609.3,"end":639.3},"art":"Wehrmacht","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Balkenkreuz.svg/200px-Balkenkreuz.svg.png\"></div><br><div>\n\n<p>The <b>Wehrmacht</b> (<small>German pronunciation:</small> <span title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\" class=\"IPA\">[ˈveːɐ̯maxt]</span><small class=\"nowrap metadata\">&nbsp;(<img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/13px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png\" width=\"13\" height=\"13\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/20px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/26px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"500\" data-file-height=\"500\"> listen)</small>, lit. \"defence force\") was the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1946. It consisted of the <i>Heer</i> (army), the <i>Kriegsmarine</i> (navy) and the <i>Luftwaffe</i> (air force). The designation <i>Wehrmacht</i> for Nazi Germany's military replaced the previously used term, Reichswehr (1919–1935), and constituted the Third Reich’s efforts to rearm the nation to a greater extent than the Treaty of Versailles permitted.</p>\n<p>Following Germany’s defeat in the First World War, the country was relegated by the Versailles treaty to a limited army of only 100,000, one barely sufficient for home defense. The Reichswehr, formed under the newly formed Weimar Republic was the precursor to the Wehrmacht. After the Nazi Revolution, one of Hitler’s most overt and audacious moves was to establish a mighty fighting force (the Wehrmacht), a modern armed forces fully capable of offensive use. Fulfilling the Nazi regime’s long-term goals of regaining lost territory and dominating its neighbors required massive investment and spending on the armaments industry, as well as military conscription to expand Hitler’s fighting machine. In December 1941, Hitler designated himself as commander-in-chief of the Wehrmacht.</p>\n<p>The Wehrmacht formed the heart of Germany’s politico-military power. In the early part of World War II, Hitler's generals employed the Wehrmacht through innovative combined arms tactics (close cover air-support, mechanized armor, and infantry) to devastating effect in what was called a Blitzkrieg (lightning war). The Wehrmacht's new military structure, unique combat techniques, newly developed weapons, and unprecedented speed and brutality crushed their opponents.</p>\n<p>At the height of their success in 1942, the Nazis dominated more than 3,898,000 square kilometers of territory, an accomplishment made possible by the combined German forces firmly securing conquered territory. Working hand-in-hand at times with the SS, soldiers on the front (especially during the Eastern campaign) sometimes participated in war atrocities, despite later denials. By the time the war ended in Europe in May 1945, the Wehrmacht had lost approximately 11,300,000 men, of which about half were killed in action. Only a few of the Wehrmacht’s upper leadership were tried for war crimes, although the evidence suggests that more were involved in illegal actions. More or less having ceased to exist by September 1945, the Wehrmacht was officially dissolved by ACC Law 34 on 20 August 1946. The Wehrmacht did not have a direct successor in post-World War II Germany, and was wholly replaced by the Bundeswehr in that era who shunned the traditions of the dissolved Wehrmacht.</p>\n\n<p><br>\n</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1130\nCached time: 20151021103141\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.258 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.321 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 1177/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 19989/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 4183/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 12/40\nExpensive parser function count: 1/500\nLua time usage: 0.065/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 2.33 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 303.573 1 - -total\n 31.71% 96.267 1 - Template:Infobox_military_unit\n 27.21% 82.609 1 - Template:Infobox\n 20.59% 62.520 2 - Template:Broken_ref\n 12.60% 38.252 3 - Template:Cite_web\n 11.08% 33.632 1 - Template:For\n 9.52% 28.888 1 - Template:Hatnote\n 8.94% 27.137 1 - Template:Use_dmy_dates\n 6.52% 19.780 1 - Template:DMCA\n 5.56% 16.886 1 - Template:Dated_maintenance_category\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wehrmacht\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Wehrmacht"},{"id":"wk-6","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":654.7,"end":684.7},"art":"Clara Petacci","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Clara_Petacci.png/220px-Clara_Petacci.png\"></div><br><div>\n\n<p><b>Clara Petacci</b>, known as <b>Claretta Petacci</b> (<small>Italian pronunciation:&nbsp;</small><span title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\" class=\"IPA\">[klaˈretta peˈtattʃi]</span>; 28 February 1912 – 28 April 1945) was the mistress of the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, and was executed with him by partisans.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1193\nCached time: 20151021103210\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 0.153 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.200 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 955/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 8068/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 1121/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 16/40\nExpensive parser function count: 1/500\nLua time usage: 0.053/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 1.43 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 1-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 180.785 1 - -total\n 62.03% 112.144 1 - Template:Infobox_person\n 42.28% 76.439 1 - Template:Infobox\n 34.90% 63.094 1 - Template:Refimprove\n 22.19% 40.109 1 - Template:Ambox\n 20.12% 36.370 5 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n 13.57% 24.536 1 - Template:Wikidata_image\n 6.62% 11.973 1 - Template:Birth_date\n 5.50% 9.951 1 - Template:Death_date_and_age\n 2.95% 5.341 1 - Template:IPA-it\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clara Petacci\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Clara Petacci"},{"id":"wk-7","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":802.1,"end":832.1},"art":"Palazzo Venezia","lang":"en","wiki":"<div>\n<p>The <b>Palazzo di Venezia</b> (formerly <b>Palace of St. Mark</b>) is a palazzo (palace) in central Rome, Italy, just north of the Capitoline Hill. The original structure of this great architectural complex consisted of a modest medieval house intended as the residence of the cardinals appointed to the church of San Marco. In 1469 it became a residential papal palace, having undergone a massive extension, and in 1564, Pope Pius IV, to win the sympathies of the Republic of Venice, gave the mansion to the ambassadors of La Serenissima on condition that a part of the building should be kept as a residence for the cardinals—the Apartment Cibo—and that the Venetian Republic should provide for the building's maintenance and future restoration. The palazzo faces Piazza Venezia and Via del Plebiscito. It currently houses the National Museum of the Palazzo Venezia.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1201\nCached time: 20151021103309\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.011 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.013 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 1/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/500\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 0.000 1 - -total\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazzo Venezia\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Palazzo Venezia"},{"id":"wk-8","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":869.1,"end":899.1},"art":"Dino Grandi","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/21/Dino_Grandi.jpg/220px-Dino_Grandi.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n<p><b>Dino Grandi</b> (4 June 1895 – 21 May 1988), 1st Conte di Mordano, was an Italian Fascist politician, minister of justice, minister of foreign affairs and president of parliament.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1230\nCached time: 20151021103427\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 0.266 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.311 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 6720/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 16005/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 2518/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 17/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/500\nLua time usage: 0.069/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 1.43 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 289.126 1 - Template:Infobox_Prime_Minister\n100.00% 289.126 1 - -total\n 88.74% 256.574 5 - Template:Infobox\n 33.99% 98.263 17 - Template:Infobox_officeholder/office\n 5.68% 16.430 1 - Template:Death_date_and_age\n 5.60% 16.192 4 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n 2.38% 6.883 1 - Template:MONTHNAME\n 1.93% 5.575 2 - Template:KMT\n 1.89% 5.477 1 - Template:DPP\n 1.45% 4.203 2 - Template:MONTHNUMBER\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dino Grandi\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Dino Grandi"},{"id":"wk-9","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":941.2,"end":971.2},"art":"Ettore Bastico","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Bastico1942.jpg/150px-Bastico1942.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n<p><b>Ettore Bastico</b> (9 April 1876 – 2 December 1972) was an Italian military officer before and during World War II. He held high commands during the Second Italo-Abyssinian War (Ethiopia), the Spanish Civil War, and the North African Campaign.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1225\nCached time: 20151021112813\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 0.083 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.113 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 746/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 7390/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 1241/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 16/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/500\nLua time usage: 0.023/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 1.07 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 90.568 1 - Template:Infobox_military_person\n100.00% 90.568 1 - -total\n 94.26% 85.370 1 - Template:Infobox\n 31.43% 28.464 3 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n 10.31% 9.335 3 - Template:WPMILHIST_Infobox_style\n 9.94% 9.004 1 - Template:Birth_date\n 8.36% 7.574 1 - Template:Death_date_and_age\n 7.87% 7.131 2 - Template:Country_data_Kingdom_of_Italy\n 7.45% 6.751 1 - Template:Flag\n 4.91% 4.446 1 - Template:Army\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ettore Bastico\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Ettore Bastico"},{"id":"wk-10","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":1022.1,"end":1052.1},"art":"Pope Pius XII","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/His_Holiness_Pope_Pius_XII.png/220px-His_Holiness_Pope_Pius_XII.png\"></div><br><div>\n\n<p><b>Pope Pius XII</b> (Italian: <span lang=\"it\" xml:lang=\"it\"><i>Pio XII</i></span>), born <b>Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli</b> (<small>Italian pronunciation:&nbsp;</small><span title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\" class=\"IPA\">[euˈdʒɛnjo maˈria dʒuˈzɛppe dʒoˈvanni paˈtʃɛlli]</span>; 2 March 1876&nbsp;– 9 October 1958), reigned from 2 March 1939 to his death in 1958. Before his election to the papacy, Pacelli served as secretary of the Department of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, papal nuncio to Germany (1917–1929), and Cardinal Secretary of State, in which capacity he worked to conclude treaties with European and Latin American nations, most notably the <i>Reichskonkordat</i> with Nazi Germany, with which most historians believe the Vatican sought to protect the Church in Germany while Adolf Hitler sought the destruction of \"political Catholicism\". A pre-war critic of Nazism, Pius XII lobbied world leaders to avoid war and, as Pope at the outbreak of war, issued <i>Summi Pontificatus</i>, expressing dismay at the invasion of Poland, reiterating Church teaching against racial persecution and calling for love, compassion and charity to prevail over war.</p>\n<p>While the Vatican was officially neutral during the war, Pius XII maintained links to the German Resistance, used diplomacy to aid the victims of the war and lobby for peace and spoke out against race-based murders and other atrocities. The <i>Reichskonkordat</i> of 1933 and Pius's leadership of the Catholic Church during World War II remain the subject of controversy—including allegations of public silence and inaction about the fate of the Jews. After the war Pius XII advocated peace and reconciliation, including lenient policies towards Axis and Axis-satellite nations. The Church experienced severe persecution and mass deportations of Catholic clergy in the Eastern Bloc. Pius XII was a staunch opponent of Communism and of the Italian Communist Party. Pius XII explicitly invoked <i>ex cathedra</i> papal infallibility with the dogma of the Assumption of Mary in his 1950 Apostolic constitution <i>Munificentissimus Deus</i>. His magisterium includes almost 1,000 addresses and radio broadcasts. His forty-one encyclicals include <i>Mystici corporis</i>, the Church as the Body of Christ; <i>Mediator Dei</i> on liturgy reform; and <i>Humani generis</i> on the Church's positions on theology and evolution. He eliminated the Italian majority in the College of Cardinals in 1946.</p>\n<p>Pius XII suffered from the shadow of ill health in 1954 which would continue until his death in 1958. The embalming of his body was mishandled, with effects that were evident during the funeral. He was buried in the Vatican grottos and was succeeded by Pope John XXIII.</p>\n<p>In the process toward sainthood, his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by Pope Paul VI during the final session of the Second Vatican Council. He was made a Servant of God by Pope John Paul II in 1990 and Pope Benedict XVI declared Pius XII Venerable on 19 December 2009.</p>\n\n<p><br>\n</p>\n\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1233\nCached time: 20151021112843\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 0.239 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.329 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 2396/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 33250/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 8215/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 15/40\nExpensive parser function count: 4/500\nLua time usage: 0.083/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 2.48 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 306.407 1 - -total\n 45.62% 139.795 2 - Template:Infobox\n 39.04% 119.618 1 - Template:Infobox_Christian_leader\n 14.47% 44.351 1 - Template:Ordination\n 12.43% 38.096 2 - Template:Lang\n 11.49% 35.202 2 - Template:Category_handler\n 10.91% 33.430 1 - Template:Use_dmy_dates\n 9.66% 29.603 2 - Template:Broken_ref\n 8.30% 25.446 1 - Template:Cite_book\n 6.30% 19.299 8 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope Pius XII\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Pope Pius XII"},{"id":"wk-11","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":1103,"end":1133},"art":"Winston Churchill","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Sir_Winston_S_Churchill.jpg/245px-Sir_Winston_S_Churchill.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n\n\n<p><b>Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill</b>, <span style=\"font-size:100%;\">KG,&nbsp;OM,&nbsp;CH,&nbsp;TD,&nbsp;DL,&nbsp;FRS,&nbsp;RA</span> (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. Widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the 20th&nbsp;century, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian, a writer (as Winston S. Churchill), and an artist. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature, and was the first person to be made an honorary citizen of the United States.</p>\n<p>Churchill was born into the aristocratic family of the Dukes of Marlborough, a branch of the Spencer family. His father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a charismatic politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer; his mother, Jennie Jerome, was an American socialite. As a young army officer, he saw action in British India, the Sudan, and the Second Boer War. He gained fame as a war correspondent and wrote books about his campaigns.</p>\n<p>At the forefront of politics for fifty years, he held many political and cabinet positions. Before the First World War, he served as President of the Board of Trade, Home Secretary, and First Lord of the Admiralty as part of Asquith's Liberal government. During the war, he continued as First Lord of the Admiralty until the disastrous Gallipoli Campaign caused his departure from government. He then briefly resumed active army service on the Western Front as commander of the 6th Battalion of the Royal Scots Fusiliers. He returned to government as Minister of Munitions, Secretary of State for War, and Secretary of State for Air. In 1921–1922 Churchill served as Secretary of State for the Colonies, then Chancellor of the Exchequer in Baldwin's Conservative government of 1924–1929, controversially returning the pound sterling in 1925 to the gold standard at its pre-war parity, a move widely seen as creating deflationary pressure on the UK economy. Also controversial were his opposition to increased home rule for India and his resistance to the 1936 abdication of Edward VIII.</p>\n<p>Out of office and politically \"in the wilderness\" during the 1930s, Churchill took the lead in warning about Nazi Germany and in campaigning for rearmament. At the outbreak of the Second World War, he was again appointed First Lord of the Admiralty. Following the resignation of Neville Chamberlain on 10 May 1940, Churchill became Prime Minister. His steadfast refusal to consider surrender helped inspire British resistance, especially during the difficult early days of the war when the British Commonwealth and Empire stood alone in its active opposition to Adolf Hitler. Churchill was particularly noted for his speeches and radio broadcasts, which helped inspire the British people. He led Britain as Prime Minister until victory over Nazi Germany had been secured.</p>\n<p>After the Conservative Party lost the 1945 election, he became Leader of the Opposition to the Labour Government. He publicly warned of an \"Iron Curtain\" of Soviet influence in Europe and promoted European unity. After winning the 1951 election, Churchill again became Prime Minister. His second term was preoccupied by foreign affairs, including the Malayan Emergency, Mau Mau Uprising, Korean War, and a UK-backed coup d'état in Iran. Domestically his government laid great emphasis on house-building, and introduced safety and sanitation regulations for housing and workplaces. Churchill suffered a serious stroke in 1953 and retired as Prime Minister in 1955, although he remained a Member of Parliament until 1964. Upon his death aged ninety in 1965, Elizabeth II granted him the honour of a state funeral, which saw one of the largest assemblies of world statesmen in history. Named the Greatest Briton of all time in a 2002 poll, Churchill is widely regarded as being among the most influential people in British history, consistently ranking well in opinion polls of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom.</p>\n\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1136\nCached time: 20151021112940\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 1.456 seconds\nReal time usage: 1.579 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 16998/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 129984/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 21599/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 17/40\nExpensive parser function count: 5/500\nLua time usage: 0.634/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 2.82 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n106.77% 1654.624 35 - Template:Infobox\n100.00% 1549.680 1 - -total\n 78.14% 1210.974 1 - Template:Infobox_prime_minister\n 49.32% 764.354 17 - Template:Infobox_officeholder/office\n 5.58% 86.399 2 - Template:Postnominals\n 5.13% 79.473 1 - Template:Pp-semi\n 5.09% 78.872 4 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n 4.35% 67.384 14 - Template:Post-nominals/GBR\n 4.23% 65.594 1 - Template:About\n 3.07% 47.506 1 - Template:Hatnote\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston Churchill\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Winston Churchill"},{"id":"wk-12","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":1178.9,"end":1208.9},"art":"Battle of Stalingrad","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-W0506-316,_Russland,_Kampf_um_Stalingrad,_Siegesflagge.jpg/300px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-W0506-316,_Russland,_Kampf_um_Stalingrad,_Siegesflagge.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>The <b>Battle of Stalingrad</b> (23 August 1942 – 2 February 1943) was a major battle of World War II in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in Southern Russia, on the eastern boundary of Europe.</p>\n<p>Marked by constant close quarters combat and direct assaults on civilians by air raids, it is often regarded as the single largest and bloodiest battle in the history of warfare. The heavy losses inflicted on the German <i>Wehrmacht</i> make it arguably the most strategically decisive battle of the whole war. It was a turning point in the European theatre of World War II; German forces never regained the initiative in the East and withdrew a vast military force from the West to replace their losses.</p>\n<p>The German offensive to capture Stalingrad began in late summer 1942, using the 6th Army and elements of the 4th Panzer Army. The attack was supported by intensive <i>Luftwaffe</i> bombing that reduced much of the city to rubble. The fighting degenerated into building-to-building fighting, and both sides poured reinforcements into the city. By mid-November 1942, the Germans had pushed the Soviet defenders back at great cost into narrow zones generally along the west bank of the Volga River.</p>\n<p>On 19 November 1942, the Red Army launched Operation Uranus, a two-pronged attack targeting the weaker Romanian and Hungarian forces protecting the German 6th Army's flanks. The Axis forces on the flanks were overrun and the 6th Army was cut off and surrounded in the Stalingrad area. Adolf Hitler ordered that the army stay in Stalingrad and make no attempt to break out; instead, attempts were made to supply the army by air and to break the encirclement from the outside. Heavy fighting continued for another two months. By the beginning of February 1943, the Axis forces in Stalingrad had exhausted their ammunition and food. The remaining elements of the 6th Army surrendered. The battle lasted five months, one week, and three days.</p>\n\n\n<p><br>\n</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1223\nCached time: 20151021113020\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.477 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.589 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 5158/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 110417/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 17939/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 18/40\nExpensive parser function count: 4/500\nLua time usage: 0.098/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 2.94 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 1-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 552.847 1 - -total\n 36.63% 202.498 1 - Template:Infobox_military_conflict\n 9.66% 53.428 3 - Template:Campaignbox\n 9.03% 49.928 3 - Template:Military_navigation\n 8.11% 44.849 3 - Template:Navbox\n 7.50% 41.449 1 - Template:Citation_needed\n 6.79% 37.547 2 - Template:Fix\n 6.56% 36.288 1 - Template:Campaignbox_Axis-Soviet_War\n 6.30% 34.839 4 - Template:Broken_ref\n 6.01% 33.212 3 - Template:Category_handler\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle of Stalingrad\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Battle of Stalingrad"},{"id":"wk-13","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":1240.1,"end":1270.1},"art":"Action Party (Italy)","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Logo_of_Giustizia_e_Liberta.svg/100px-Logo_of_Giustizia_e_Liberta.svg.png\"></div><br><div>\n\n<p>The <b>Action Party</b> (<i>Partito d'Azione</i>, <b>PdA</b>) was a liberal socialist political party in Italy.</p>\n\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1136\nCached time: 20151021113119\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.351 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.415 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 1208/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 21749/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 2626/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 17/40\nExpensive parser function count: 4/500\nLua time usage: 0.133/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 2.16 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 397.786 1 - -total\n 51.24% 203.833 1 - Template:Infobox_political_party\n 40.96% 162.917 1 - Template:Infobox\n 24.70% 98.264 1 - Template:Refimprove\n 14.97% 59.566 1 - Template:Ambox\n 8.69% 34.578 1 - Template:Cite_book\n 8.55% 34.020 1 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n 5.49% 21.839 2 - Template:Start_date\n 5.32% 21.150 1 - Template:If_empty\n 5.19% 20.641 1 - Template:Main_other\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action Party (Italy)\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Action Party (Italy)"},{"id":"wk-14","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":1531.5,"end":1561.5},"art":"Benito Mussolini","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/67/Mussolini_biografia.jpg/220px-Mussolini_biografia.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n\n<p><b>Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini</b> (<small>Italian pronunciation:&nbsp;</small><span title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\" class=\"IPA\">[beˈniːto mussoˈliːni]</span>; 29 July 1883&nbsp;– 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician, journalist, and leader of the National Fascist Party, ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 until his ousting in 1943. He ruled constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a legal dictatorship. Known as Il Duce (\"the leader\"), Mussolini was the founder of fascism.</p>\n<p>In 1912 Mussolini was the leading member of the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI). Prior to 1914 he was a keen supporter of the Socialist International, starting the series of meetings in Switzerland that organised the communist revolutions and insurrections that swept through Europe from 1917. Mussolini was expelled from the PSI due to his opposition to the party's stance on neutrality in World War I. Mussolini denounced the PSI, and later founded the fascist movement. Following the March on Rome in October 1922 he became the youngest Prime Minister in Italian history until the appointment of Matteo Renzi in February 2014. After destroying all political opposition through his secret police and outlawing labor strikes, Mussolini and his fascist followers consolidated their power through a series of laws that transformed the nation into a one-party dictatorship. Within five years he had established dictatorial authority by both legal and extraordinary means, aspiring to create a totalitarian state. Mussolini remained in power until he was deposed by King Victor Emmanuel III in 1943. A few months later, he became the leader of the Italian Social Republic, a German client regime in northern Italy; he held this post until his death in 1945.</p>\n<p>Since 1939, Mussolini had sought to delay a major war in Europe until at least 1942. Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939, starting World War II. On 10 June 1940, Mussolini sided with Germany, though he was aware that Italy did not have the military capacity in 1940 to carry out a long war with France and the United Kingdom. Mussolini believed that after the imminent French armistice, Italy could gain territorial concessions from France and then he could concentrate his forces on a major offensive in Egypt, where British and Commonwealth forces were outnumbered by Italian forces. However the UK refused to accept German proposals for a peace that would involve accepting Germany's victories in Eastern and Western Europe, plans for a German invasion of the UK did not proceed, and the war continued.</p>\n<p>On 24 July 1943, soon after the start of the Allied invasion of Italy, the Grand Council of Fascism voted against him, and the King had him arrested the following day. On 12 September 1943, Mussolini was rescued from prison in the Gran Sasso raid by German special forces. In late April 1945, with total defeat looming, Mussolini attempted to escape north, only to be quickly captured and summarily executed near Lake Como by Italian partisans. His body was then taken to Milan where it was hung upside down at a service station for public viewing and to provide confirmation of his demise.</p>\n\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1140\nCached time: 20151021113149\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 1.675 seconds\nReal time usage: 1.822 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 12538/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 93648/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 11947/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 23/40\nExpensive parser function count: 4/500\nLua time usage: 0.865/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 3.31 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n117.19% 2060.904 29 - Template:Infobox\n100.00% 1758.634 1 - -total\n 76.10% 1338.269 1 - Template:Infobox_officeholder\n 54.03% 950.197 17 - Template:Infobox_officeholder/office\n 4.79% 84.200 1 - Template:Pp-semi-indef\n 3.85% 67.671 4 - Template:Cite_book\n 3.01% 52.935 1 - Template:Infobox_person/height\n 2.74% 48.170 1 - Template:Infobox_person/height/locate\n 2.66% 46.765 1 - Template:Redirect\n 2.49% 43.812 1 - Template:Infobox_person/height/switch\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benito Mussolini\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Benito Mussolini"},{"id":"wk-15","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":1768.4,"end":1798.4},"art":"Giuseppe Bastianini","lang":"en","wiki":"<div>\n<p><b>Giuseppe Bastianini</b> (8 March 1899 – 17 December 1961) was an Italian politician and diplomat. Initially associated with the hard-line elements of the fascist movements he later became a member of the dissident tendency.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1115\nCached time: 20151021113228\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.102 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.140 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 392/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 15681/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 1928/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 15/40\nExpensive parser function count: 2/500\nLua time usage: 0.035/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 885 KB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 123.335 1 - Template:Expand_Italian\n100.00% 123.335 1 - -total\n 76.01% 93.748 1 - Template:Expand_language\n 51.16% 63.095 1 - Template:Ambox\n 14.74% 18.185 1 - Template:DMCA\n 12.60% 15.544 1 - Template:Hidden\n 12.43% 15.326 1 - Template:Dated_maintenance_category\n 8.39% 10.348 1 - Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME\n 5.58% 6.877 1 - Template:Hidden_begin\n 5.44% 6.714 1 - Template:Ns_has_subpages\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe Bastianini\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Giuseppe Bastianini"},{"id":"wk-16","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":1860,"end":1890},"art":"Ugo La Malfa","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Ugo_La_Malfa.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n\n<p><b>Ugo La Malfa</b> (May 16, 1903 – March 26, 1979) was an Italian politician, and an important leader in the Italian Republican Party, of which his son, Giorgio La Malfa, is now president.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1130\nCached time: 20151021113250\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.434 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.494 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 6701/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 20456/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 2747/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 17/40\nExpensive parser function count: 2/500\nLua time usage: 0.116/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 1.64 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 461.389 1 - -total\n 75.47% 348.231 1 - Template:Infobox_prime_minister\n 53.11% 245.026 5 - Template:Infobox\n 23.09% 106.539 17 - Template:Infobox_officeholder/office\n 19.34% 89.217 1 - Template:More_footnotes\n 11.46% 52.857 1 - Template:Ambox\n 5.13% 23.687 1 - Template:Use_dmy_dates\n 4.10% 18.931 1 - Template:DMCA\n 3.35% 15.460 1 - Template:Dated_maintenance_category\n 2.90% 13.395 4 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugo La Malfa\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Ugo La Malfa"},{"id":"wk-17","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":2010,"end":2040},"art":"Wilhelm Keitel","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H30220,_Wilhelm_Keitel.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H30220,_Wilhelm_Keitel.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n<p><b>Wilhelm Bodewin Johann Gustav Keitel</b> (22 September 1882 – 16 October 1946) was a German field marshal who served as chief of the <i>Oberkommando der Wehrmacht</i> (Supreme High Command of the German Armed Forces) for most of World War II, making him the Chief of Defense for Germany. At the Allied court at Nuremberg, he was tried, sentenced to death, and hanged as a war criminal. He was the third highest-ranking German officer to be tried at Nuremberg.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1189\nCached time: 20151021113318\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 0.139 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.178 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 1047/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 13314/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 2679/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 16/40\nExpensive parser function count: 1/500\nLua time usage: 0.038/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 1.23 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 151.030 1 - -total\n 79.00% 119.318 1 - Template:Infobox_military_person\n 75.25% 113.655 1 - Template:Infobox\n 24.83% 37.506 3 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n 20.90% 31.562 1 - Template:Use_dmy_dates\n 11.62% 17.556 1 - Template:Marriage\n 9.06% 13.676 1 - Template:DMCA\n 8.42% 12.711 3 - Template:WPMILHIST_Infobox_style\n 7.86% 11.864 3 - Template:Flag\n 7.74% 11.695 1 - Template:Dated_maintenance_category\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm Keitel\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Wilhelm Keitel"},{"id":"wk-18","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":2574.2,"end":2604.2},"art":"Grand Council of Fascism","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1929-1943).svg/170px-Lesser_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1929-1943).svg.png\"></div><br><div>\n\n\n\n<p>The <b>Grand Council of Fascism</b> (Italian: <span lang=\"it\" xml:lang=\"it\"><i>Gran Consiglio del Fascismo</i></span>) was the main body of Mussolini's Fascist government in Italy. A body which held and applied great power to control the institutions of government, it was created as a party body in 1923 and became a state body on 9 December 1928. The council usually met at the Palazzo Venezia, Rome, which was also the seat of head of the Italian government.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1234\nCached time: 20151021124215\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.173 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.260 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 1262/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 44707/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 2860/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 15/40\nExpensive parser function count: 5/500\nLua time usage: 0.063/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 1.63 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 215.129 1 - -total\n 28.06% 60.364 1 - Template:Infobox_legislature\n 24.75% 53.246 2 - Template:Ambox\n 22.50% 48.406 1 - Template:Infobox\n 19.29% 41.501 1 - Template:Unreferenced\n 17.64% 37.958 1 - Template:Use_dmy_dates\n 13.84% 29.766 1 - Template:Expand_Italian\n 13.70% 29.475 1 - Template:Fascism_sidebar\n 12.11% 26.042 1 - Template:Expand_language\n 8.50% 18.286 2 - Template:DMCA\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand Council of Fascism\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Grand Council of Fascism"},{"id":"wk-19","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":2690.5,"end":2720.5},"art":"Albert Kesselring","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R93434,_Albert_Kesselring.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R93434,_Albert_Kesselring.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n<p><b>Albert Kesselring</b> (30 November 1885 – 16 July 1960) was a German <i>Luftwaffe Generalfeldmarschall</i> during World War II. In a military career that spanned both World Wars, Kesselring became one of Nazi Germany's most skilful commanders, being one of 27 soldiers awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds. Nicknamed \"Smiling Albert\" by the Allies and \"Uncle Albert\" by his troops, he was one of the most popular generals of World War II with the rank and file.</p>\n<p>Kesselring joined the Bavarian Army as an officer cadet in 1904, and served in the artillery branch. He completed training as a balloon observer in 1912. During World War I, he served on both the Western and Eastern fronts and was posted to the General Staff, despite not having attended the War Academy. Kesselring remained in the Army after the war but was discharged in 1933 to become head of the Department of Administration at the Reich Commissariat for Aviation, where he was involved in the re-establishment of the aviation industry and the laying of the foundations for the <i>Luftwaffe</i>, serving as its chief of staff from 1936 to 1938.</p>\n<p>During World War II he commanded air forces in the invasions of Poland and France, the Battle of Britain and Operation <i>Barbarossa</i>. As Commander-in-Chief South, he was overall German commander in the Mediterranean theatre, which included the operations in North Africa. Kesselring conducted an uncompromising defensive campaign against the Allied forces in Italy until he was injured in an accident in October 1944. In the final campaign of the war, he commanded German forces on the Western Front. He won the respect of his Allied opponents for his military accomplishments, but his record was marred by massacres committed by troops under his command in Italy.</p>\n<p>After the war, Kesselring was tried for war crimes and sentenced to death. The sentence was subsequently commuted to life imprisonment. A political and media campaign resulted in his release in 1952, ostensibly on health grounds. He was one of only three <i>Generalfeldmarschalls</i> to publish his memoirs, entitled <i>Soldat bis zum letzten Tag</i> (<i>A Soldier to the Last Day</i>).<br>\n</p>\n\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1223\nCached time: 20151021125238\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 0.130 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.173 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 1044/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 16009/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 4072/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 16/40\nExpensive parser function count: 1/500\nLua time usage: 0.034/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 1.55 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 161.647 1 - -total\n 49.68% 80.311 1 - Template:Infobox_military_person\n 47.19% 76.279 1 - Template:Infobox\n 23.68% 38.281 2 - Template:Broken_ref\n 18.44% 29.807 1 - Template:Use_dmy_dates\n 18.25% 29.501 3 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n 8.06% 13.026 1 - Template:DMCA\n 6.95% 11.235 3 - Template:Flag\n 6.90% 11.158 1 - Template:Dated_maintenance_category\n 6.14% 9.933 3 - Template:WPMILHIST_Infobox_style\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert Kesselring\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Albert Kesselring"},{"id":"wk-20","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":3435.6,"end":3465.6},"art":"Villa Torlonia (Rome)","lang":"en","wiki":"<div>\n\n<p><b>Villa Torlonia</b> is a villa and surrounding gardens in Rome, Italy, formerly belonging to the Torlonia family. It is entered from the via Nomentana.</p>\n<p>It was designed by the neo-Classic architect Giuseppe Valadier. Construction began in 1806 for the banker Giovanni Torlonia (1756–1829) and was finished by his son Alessandro (1800–1880). Disused for a time, Mussolini rented it from the Torlonia for one lira a year to use as his state residence from the 1920s onwards. It was abandoned after 1945, and allowed to decay in the following decades, but recent restoration work has allowed it to be opened to the public as a museum owned and operated by Rome's municipality.</p>\n\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1235\nCached time: 20151021151239\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.036 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.050 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 18/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 322/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 81/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 5/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/500\nLua time usage: 0.004/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 503 KB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 26.450 1 - Template:For\n100.00% 26.450 1 - -total\n 85.35% 22.574 1 - Template:Hatnote\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa Torlonia (Rome)\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Villa Torlonia (Rome)"},{"id":"wk-21","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":3564.3,"end":3594.3},"art":"Rodolfo Graziani","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2a/Rodolfo_Graziani.jpg\"></div><br><div>\n<p><b>Rodolfo Graziani, 1st Marquis of Neghelli</b> (August 11, 1882 – January 11, 1955), was a prominent Italian military officer in the Kingdom of Italy's <i>Regio Esercito</i> (Royal Army), primarily noted for his campaigns in Africa before and during World War II. A dedicated fascist, he was a key figure in the Italian military during the reign of Benito Mussolini.</p>\n<p>Graziani played an important role in the consolidation and expansion of Italy's empire during the 1920s and 30s, first in Libya and then in Ethiopia. He became infamous among the other colonial powers for repressive measures that led to high loss of life among civilians. In February 1937, after an assassination attempt during a ceremony in Addis Ababa, Graziani authorized a period of brutal retribution now known as Yekatit 12. Shortly after Italy entered World War II he returned to Libya as the commander of troops in Italian North Africa but resigned after the 1940-41 British offensive routed his forces. Following the <i>25 Luglio</i> coup, he was the only Marshal of Italy who remained loyal to Mussolini and was named the Minister of Defense of the Italian Social Republic, commanding its army and returning to active service against the Allies for the rest of the war.</p>\n<p>Graziani was never prosecuted by the United Nations War Crimes Commission; he was included on its list of Italians eligible to be prosecuted for war crimes, but post-war Ethiopian attempts to bring him to trial were resisted by Italy and Britain. Later, in 1948, an Italian court sentenced him to 19 years' imprisonment for collaboration with the Nazis, but he was released after serving only four months.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1115\nCached time: 20151021152011\nCache expiry: 86400\nDynamic content: true\nCPU time usage: 0.671 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.719 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 8445/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 44060/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 8495/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 17/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/500\nLua time usage: 0.223/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 1.55 MB/50 MB\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n115.08% 740.835 11 - Template:Infobox\n100.00% 643.782 1 - -total\n100.00% 643.782 1 - Template:Infobox_officeholder\n 48.28% 310.791 17 - Template:Infobox_officeholder/office\n 3.94% 25.334 1 - Template:Marriage\n 3.13% 20.155 4 - Template:Br_separated_entries\n 2.34% 15.035 1 - Template:Birth_date\n 2.00% 12.866 2 - Template:Flag\n 1.83% 11.813 1 - Template:Death_date_and_age\n 1.58% 10.152 2 - Template:Country_data_Kingdom_of_Italy\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodolfo Graziani\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Rodolfo Graziani"},{"id":"wk-22","pos":{"top":5,"left":96},"time":{"start":4056,"end":4087.9},"art":"Dino Alfieri","lang":"en","wiki":"<div style=\"float:left;margin-right:10px\"><img src=\"http:null\"></div><br><div><p><b>Edoardo Alfieri</b> (first name usually shortened to <b>Dino</b>; 8 December 1886 – 12 December 1966) was an Italian fascist politician.</p>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1221\nCached time: 20151021152314\nCache expiry: 2592000\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 0.003 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.003 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 1/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0/500\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 0-->\n\n<!-- \nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 0.000 1 - -total\n-->\n</div><a href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dino Alfieri\" target=\"_blank\">Continua a leggere..</a>","title":"Dino Alfieri"}]}